thanks Simon as puffin models didn't have a shipset of motors, and I can't find them anywhere else-am going to go for plan 'b'- as I don't own a wattmeter, but I do own some kitchen scales, the plan is to chuck a couple of nicad packs back in, measure the static thrust , then put the lipos back in and find an equivalent throttle setting-than, as you suggest, leave the rest for 'take off power' or 'war emergency power'! will just have to organise a 'gate' for the throttle lever........and wait for some test flying weather.... certainly still intend to change to the 3s motors when available tho. btw-did donwsize from 9x5s to 8x4 props but still waaaaaaay too hot